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International Journal of Molecular... Apr 2022Chromosomal rearrangements leading to the relocation of proto-oncogenes into transcription-active regions are found in various types of tumors. In particular, the...
Enhancer RNA AL928768.3 from the IGH Locus Regulates MYC Expression and Controls the Proliferation and Chemoresistance of Burkitt Lymphoma Cells with IGH/MYC Translocation.
Chromosomal rearrangements leading to the relocation of proto-oncogenes into transcription-active regions are found in various types of tumors. In particular, the transfer of proto-oncogenes to the locus of heavy chains of immunoglobulins (IGH) is frequently observed in B-lymphomas. The increased expression of the MYC proto-oncogene due to IGH/MYC translocation is detected in approximately 85% of Burkitt lymphoma cases. The regulatory mechanisms affecting the oncogenes upon translocation include non-coding enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). We conducted a search for the eRNAs that may affect MYC transcription in the case of IGH/MYC translocation in Burkitt lymphoma, looking for potentially oncogenic eRNAs located at the IGH locus and predominantly expressed in B cells. Overexpression and knockdown of our primary candidate eRNA AL928768.3 led to the corresponding changes in the expression of MYC proto-oncogene in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that AL928768.3 knockdown decreased lymphoma cell proliferation and resistance to chemotherapy. Significant effects were observed only in cell lines bearing IGH/MYC abnormality but not in B-cell lines without this translocation nor primary B-cells. Our results indicate that AL928768.3 plays an important role in the development of Burkitt's lymphoma and suggest it and similar, yet undiscovered eRNAs as potential tissue-specific targets for cancer treatment.
Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Proliferation; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; Humans; Lymphoma; RNA; Translocation, Genetic
PubMed: 35563017
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094624 -
International Journal of Cancer Apr 2009Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was first described as a clinical entity in children in Central Africa by Denis Burkitt in 1958. The particular epidemiological features of this... (Review)
Review
Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) was first described as a clinical entity in children in Central Africa by Denis Burkitt in 1958. The particular epidemiological features of this tumor initiated the search for a virus as the causative agent and led to the discovery of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) by Epstein and coworkers in 1964. It became apparent in the seventies and eighties that the tumor is not restricted to Central Africa, but occurs with lesser incidence all over the world (sporadic BL) and is also particularly frequent in HIV infected individuals, and that not all BL cases are associated with EBV: about 95% of the cases in Central Africa, 40 to 50% of the cases in HIV-infected individuals and 10 to 20% of the sporadic cases harbour the viral information and express at least one viral antigen (EBNA1) and a number of non-coding viral RNAs. In contrast, all BL cases regardless of their geographical origin exhibit one of three c-myc/Ig chromosomal translocations leading to the activation of the c-myc gene as a crucial event in the development of this disease. Although epidemiological evidence clearly points to a role of the virus in the African cases, the role of EBV in the pathogenesis of BL has remained largely elusive. This review summarizes current concepts and ideas how EBV might contribute to the development of BL in the light of the progress made in the last decade and discusses the problems of the experimental systems available to test such hypotheses.
Topics: Animals; B-Lymphocytes; Burkitt Lymphoma; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections; Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; Genes, myc; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Immunologic Memory; Malaria; MicroRNAs; Models, Biological; Translocation, Genetic
PubMed: 19165855
DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24223 -
Haematologica Jul 2009The recent update of the WHO classification of tumors of the lymphoid tissue has recognized a category with overlapping features between Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse...
The recent update of the WHO classification of tumors of the lymphoid tissue has recognized a category with overlapping features between Burkitt lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In this perspective article, Dr. de Jong reviews the conceptual basis and practical impact of this diagnosis. See related paper on page 935.
Topics: Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Proliferation; Decision Support Techniques; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Karyotyping; Lymphoma, B-Cell; Medical Oncology; Models, Genetic; Time Factors
PubMed: 19570750
DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2009.008128 -
Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics Oct 2017This review presents the information about epidemiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of primary ovarian Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), including a... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
This review presents the information about epidemiology, clinical manifestation, diagnosis and treatment of primary ovarian Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), including a literature search of available BL cases. The purpose of this review is to draw clinicians' attention to the possibility of ovarian BL occurrence, which may be important in the differential diagnosis of ovarian tumours.
METHODS
PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched using the keywords ''Burkitt's'', ''Lymphoma'', ''Ovarian'', ''Primary'', ''Burkitt's lymphoma''. Only cases with histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of primary ovarian BL were included in this review.
RESULTS
Fifty articles, reporting cases with an ovarian manifestation of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, were found. Twenty-one cases with a histopathologically confirmed BL were evaluated to compare various manifestations, treatment and prognosis in ovarian BL.
CONCLUSIONS
Primary ovarian BL is a rare condition, included in the entity of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The tumour can occur uni- or bilaterally in the ovaries with major symptoms such as abdominal pain or a large abdominal mass. Differential diagnosis, based on imaging features and pathological examination of the specimens, is essential for further treatment due to various aetiology of ovarian tumours. Although most of the patients suffering from ovarian BL underwent surgery after the ovarian tumour had been detected, surgical treatment is not the treatment of choice in patients with ovarian lymphoma. The mainstay of therapy is chemotherapy without further surgery. The prognosis is better if the chemotherapy protocol is more aggressive and followed by prophylactic central nervous system chemotherapy. Nowadays, multiagent protocols are administered, which improves the survival rate.
Topics: Abdominal Pain; Adult; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Burkitt Lymphoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gynecology; Humans; Lymphoma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Prognosis
PubMed: 28770352
DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4478-6 -
British Journal of Haematology Mar 2012
Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; Humans
PubMed: 22380969
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09041.x -
Pediatric Blood & Cancer Oct 2022Burkitt lymphoma (BL) accounts for 90% of pediatric lymphomas in sub-Saharan Africa. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is considered an etiological factor of BL. We describe...
BACKGROUND
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) accounts for 90% of pediatric lymphomas in sub-Saharan Africa. Plasmodium falciparum malaria is considered an etiological factor of BL. We describe the geographic distribution of pediatric BL in Malawi and association with P. falciparum malaria prevalence rate (PfPR).
METHODS
We enrolled 220 pathologically confirmed incident pediatric BL cases (2013-2018) into an observational clinical cohort at Kamuzu Central Hospital (KCH) in Lilongwe district. KCH is the main tertiary cancer referral center serving the central and northern regions of Malawi. Using an ecological study design, we calculated district-level annual BL incidence rate using census population estimates. District-level PfPR was extracted from the National Malaria Control Program 2010 report. BL incidence and PfPR maps were constructed in QGIS. Moran's I test was used to identify BL spatial clusters. Pearson's correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were used to statistically examine the relationship between PfPR and BL.
RESULTS
BL incidence was higher in central region districts (8.2 cases per million) than northern districts (2.9 cases per million) and was elevated in lakeshore districts. Districts with elevated PfPR tended to have elevated BL incidence. A low-risk BL cluster was detected in the north. Statistically, BL incidence was positively correlated with PfPR (r = .77, p < .01). A 1% increase in PfPR predicted an increase in BL incidence of 0.2 cases per million (p = .03), when controlling for travel time from referral district hospital to KCH.
CONCLUSION
Our study supports evidence for an association between P. falciparum and BL and highlights a need to improve geographic accessibility to tertiary cancer services in Malawi's northern region.
Topics: Burkitt Lymphoma; Child; Humans; Malaria; Malaria, Falciparum; Malawi; Prevalence
PubMed: 35731580
DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29867 -
Tumour Biology : the Journal of the... Feb 2020Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Although remarkable progress has been made in the therapeutic scenario for patients with Burkitt...
Burkitt lymphoma is a very aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Although remarkable progress has been made in the therapeutic scenario for patients with Burkitt lymphoma, search and development of new effective anticancer agents to improve patient outcome and minimize toxicity has become an urgent issue. In this study, the antitumoral activity of , a traditional herb obtained from plants collected on the Asinara Island, Italy, was evaluated in order to explore potential antineoplastic effects of its metabolites on Burkitt lymphoma. Raji human cell line was treated with increasing extract concentration for cytotoxicity screening and subsequent establishment of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, gene expression profiles were performed to identify molecular mechanisms involved in the anticancer activities of this medical plant. The extract exhibited powerful antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities on Raji cell line, showing a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cell viability, obtained by cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase and an increase in cell apoptosis. The treatment with caused downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle and proliferation (c-MYC, CCND1) and inhibition of cell apoptosis (BCL2, BCL2L1, BCL11A). The extract causes strong anticancer effects on Burkitt lymphoma cell line. The molecular mechanisms underlying such antineoplastic activity are based on targeting and downregulation of genes involved in cell cycle and apoptosis. Our data suggest that natural metabolites should be further exploited as potential antineoplastic agents against Burkitt lymphoma.
Topics: Apoptosis; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Inula; Neoplasm Proteins; Plant Extracts
PubMed: 32013807
DOI: 10.1177/1010428319901061 -
Journal of Clinical Pathology Mar 2003The World Health Organisation classification reports three subcategories of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)--endemic, non-endemic, and immunodeficiency associated--proposed to... (Review)
Review
The World Health Organisation classification reports three subcategories of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL)--endemic, non-endemic, and immunodeficiency associated--proposed to reflect the major clinical and genetic subtypes of this disease. These different types of BL have been reviewed and studied by immunohistochemistry and molecular methods. The results point out the heterogeneity of BL and suggest that AIDS related BL may have a different pathogenesis from that of classic BL.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Burkitt Lymphoma; Cell Cycle; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; HIV-1; Herpesvirus 4, Human; Humans; Infant; Lymphoma, AIDS-Related; Male; Middle Aged
PubMed: 12610094
DOI: 10.1136/jcp.56.3.188 -
Leukemia Feb 2021
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Burkitt Lymphoma; Clonal Evolution; DNA Copy Number Variations; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Mutation; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Prognosis; Survival Rate
PubMed: 32404974
DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0862-5 -
CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association... Sep 1985Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that vary widely in response to therapy. In Canada the modified Rappaport classification is used to... (Review)
Review
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that vary widely in response to therapy. In Canada the modified Rappaport classification is used to categorize NHL. To facilitate the reporting and comparison of treatment results all cases should also be categorized in the terminology of the National Cancer Institute's working formulation. The choice of therapy should be guided by specific prognostic factors: stage and bulk of the disease, patient's age, presence of systemic symptoms and histologic subtype. Of these, the last appears to be the most important. Radiotherapy (RT) is the treatment of choice in localized low-grade lymphomas with favourable prognoses, while bimodal therapy (RT and chemotherapy [CT]) is warranted in presentations with unfavourable prognoses. Regional irradiation alone is indicated in intermediate-grade lymphomas with good prognoses (i.e., pathological stage I or II or clinical stage IA or IIA localized disease of small bulk in young patients). All other patients require CT followed by RT. The results of CT alone are encouraging but remain experimental. Aggressive therapy with multidrug regimens that include central nervous system prophylaxis is the foundation for successful treatment of high-grade NHL such as lymphoblastic lymphoma and diffuse small-noncleaved-cell lymphomas. Low-dose RT should be given to sites of bulky disease.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Burkitt Lymphoma; Combined Modality Therapy; Humans; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Middle Aged; Prognosis
PubMed: 3896450
DOI: No ID Found